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Tourette's Disorder

American Description
Diagnostic Criteria
Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have been present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently. (A tic is a sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization.)
The tics occur many times a day (usually in bouts) nearly every day or intermittently throughout a period of more than 1 year, and during this period there was never a tic-free period of more than 3 consecutive months.
The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
The onset is before age 18 years.
The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., stimulants) or a general medical condition (e.g., Huntington's disease or postviral encephalitis).

Associated Features
Dysarthria/Involuntary Movement
Depressed Mood
Guilt/Obsession

Differential Diagnosis
Abnormal movements that may accompany general medical conditions; direct effects of a substance; Choreiform movements; Dystonic movements; Athetoid movements; Myoclonic movements; Hemiballismic movements; Spasms; Hemifacial spasm; Synkinesis; Medication-Induced Movement Disorder Not Otherwise Specified; Stereotypic Movement Disorder; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; compulsions; Schizophrenia; Transient Tic Disorder; Tourette's Disorder; Chronic Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder; Tic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified.

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